Sodium carboxymethyl starch, also known as sodium carboxymethyl starch, is a modification of natural starch that is commonly used in the cosmetics industry. Sodium carboxymethyl starch has emulsion-stabilizing and viscosity-controlling properties and thus helps to improve the texture of skin care products(1).

Sodium cetearyl sulfate is a mixture of stearyl and cetyl sulfate that acts as an emulsifier.(1)

Sodium chloride, also known as common salt, is used in low concentrations and acts as a thickening agent in cleaning products.

Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid and is mainly used in cosmetics as a pH regulator and buffer substance. It helps to keep the pH value of formulations stable and thus supports skin compatibility and product shelf life. Sodium citrate is also used as a chelating agent to bind metal ions and thus improve the stability of cosmetic products(1-3).

Sodium dehydroacetate is used as a preservative in cosmetic products.(1) It protects the formulation against microbial spoilage and is an officially approved preservative according to the EU Cosmetics Regulation.

Sodium dextran sulfate is used as a viscosity regulator in cosmetic formulations. (1) Its benefits for skin health include improved blood circulation and the potential inhibition of viral infections. (2, 3)

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring polysaccharide consisting of glycosidically bound glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine monomers. Our skin is the most important storehouse of hyaluronic acid in the body, as it stores around half of the body's total hyaluronic acid content. Under optimal conditions, hyaluronic acid is found in all layers of the epidermis and dermis. Hyaluronic acid is an important component in the extracellular matrix of tissues such as connective tissue and it has the ability to bind large amounts of water, which is why it is used in cosmetics as a moisturizer, among other things. It also has many important functions such as the formation of proteoglycans(1).

Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, is an alkaline salt and is used in cosmetics in small quantities as a pH regulator. This ensures that the end product reaches the desired pH range to ensure skin compatibility and product stability(1).