EGCG is the abbreviation for epigallocatechin gallate, one of the most important polyphenolic compounds found in green tea (Camellia sinensis). This molecule, which belongs to the catechin class, is known for its numerous health benefits. These benefits stem from its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
The antioxidant defense system protects our skin from reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by UV radiation, cigarette smoke, or oxidative stress. ROS promote the progression of skin aging, wrinkle formation, and pigmentation. Excessive production of ROS triggers programmed cell death (apoptosis).For this reason, EGCG is also credited with antimutagenic and antitumor effects.(1-3) A 2018 in vitro study concluded that EGCG is suitable as a cosmetic ingredient not only due to its radical-scavenging activity but also because of its positive effect on skin hydration and reduced wrinkle formation.This powerful antioxidant is capable of rejuvenating skin cells, effectively protecting them from ionizing radiation, and improving overall skin condition. EGCG is used in cosmetic products to effectively prevent premature skin aging and serves as a protective shield for our skin.(4-5)

Ethylhexyl palmitate belongs to the alkyl esters, which are often used in cosmetics as a skin care component.(1) Ethylhexyl palmitate belongs to the emollients.(2)

Ethylhexyl triazone (EHT) is a photostable chemical UV filter with an absorption range between 280 and 320 nm. EHT is a UVB filter that is suitable for use in sunscreens.(1)

Ethylhexylglycerin inhibits the growth and reproduction of odor-causing bacteria and increases the effectiveness of cosmetic preservatives.(1)

Gellan gum is a biotechnologically produced polysaccharide obtained through fermentation using bacteria of the genus Sphingomonas. The ingredient is considered to be of plant origin and is used in cosmetics as an excipient with a wide range of functions. (1)

In cosmetic formulations, gellan gum primarily acts as a viscosity modifier by influencing the product’s texture and flow properties. In addition, it has film-forming properties: it forms a thin, even film, which both improves the feel on the skin and can help stabilize the formulation. (1–3)

Gluconolactone is a polyhydroxy acid (PHA) that is valued in skin care for its mild and moisturizing properties. This PHA gently exfoliates the top layer of skin and promotes cell renewal, leaving the skin looking smoother and more radiant. Compared to other hydroxy acids, gluconolactone is less irritating and therefore ideal for sensitive skin types. It also offers antioxidant benefits. Gluconolactone can be used in cosmetic products to support the skin barrier, reduce blemishes, and care for mature skin. (1-3)

Glycerin is a trihydric alcohol and thus plays a crucial role in the hydration of the stratum corneum: if the barrier function is impaired, changes in the function of aquaporin 3, an epidermal water/glycerin transporter, can occur, which can lead to reduced hydration and loss of elasticity in the skin. This can be corrected by topical application of glycerin.(1)

Glyceryl caprylate is the monoester of glycerin and caprylic acid. It acts as a nourishing component, but also as an emulsifier.