Oleic/Linoleic/Linolenic Polyglyceride consists of a mixture of polyglycerides of plant origin with linoleic, linolenic and oleic acids. In clinical tests, the polyglyceride mixture was able to hydrate the three uppermost layers of the epidermis and slightly reduce wrinkles(1).

Olus Oil is a vegetable oil or vegetable oil blend consisting mainly of fatty acid triglycerides. It is used in skin care as a skin-nourishing emollient that makes the skin supple and, as a natural fat base, improves the texture of creams and oils.

p-Anisic acid (para-anisic acid) is an aromatic carboxylic acid with multifunctional properties. It is known for its masking function(1-2).

Palmitoyl pentapeptide-4 is a peptide obtained as a reaction product of palmitic acid and pentapeptide-4. It is also called matrixyl and consists of a short peptide chain with five amino acids (lysine, threonine, threonine, lysine, serine), which is bound to palmitic acid.

Palmitoyl pentapeptide-4 is a biologically active peptide that has been reported to stimulate the production of elastin, fibronectin, glucosaminoglycan and collagens (especially types I, III and IV) and may aid in wound healing.1 It has been shown in studies to be effective in reducing periorbital wrinkles by reducing wrinkle depth and increasing skin barrier function and skin elasticity(1-3).

Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7 is a component of certain antibodies with the sequence Pal-Gly-Gln-Pro-Arg. Together with palmitoyl tripeptide-1, it is also known as Matrixyl™3000. In studies, Matrixyl™3000 led to a statistically significant reduction in wrinkle length and depth as well as skin roughness and an increase in skin thickness(1).

Palmitoyl tetrapeptide reduces the release of a pro-inflammatory signaling protein and thus reduces inflammation after UVB exposure(2-3).

Palmitoyl tripeptide-1 is a peptide obtained as a reaction product of palmitic acid and tripeptide-1. Together with palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, it is also known as Matrixyl™3000 and consists of a short peptide chain with three amino acids (glycine, histidine and lysine = GHK peptide), which is bound to the fatty acid palmitic acid.

Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 has shown ex vivo the sole ability to boost the synthesis of type 1 collagen in the body and prevent the breakdown of collagen after UVA irradiation.(1) In studies, Matrixyl™3000 has been shown to result in a statistically significant reduction in wrinkle length and depth, skin roughness and increase in skin thickness.(2)

Palmitoyltripeptide-38 is a synthetic peptide which consists of the amino acids lysine, methionine and lysil and is bound to palmitic acid. Palmitoyltripeptide-38 is part of the complex used called Volulip™. In in vivo studies conducted by the manufacturer, twice-daily application of a product containing 1% Volulip™ resulted in a visible improvement in the appearance of the lips (smoothness, curvature, surface and volume), moisture and youthfulness (more beautiful contour and plumping effect) in at least 69% of the test subjects.(2) It is one of the "matrikine mimetic compounds" that play a key role in the synthesis of elastin and collagen. It can also stimulate cell proliferation. Palmitic acid as a component also has an antioxidant effect. It is recommended for use in cosmetic products and has been classified as safe in a safety assessment for cosmetic ingredients(1).

Palmitoyl Tripeptide-38 is a synthetic tripeptide used in cosmetics as a skin care ingredient for well-aging. As a matrikine-like peptide, it can address signaling pathways in the extracellular matrix and thus smooth the skin structure: Manufacturer data reports a visible reduction in wrinkles (e.g., forehead, crow's feet) with regular use. Palmitoyl Tripeptide-38 is a so-called matrix peptide that stimulates the production of important components of the skin matrix, including collagen I, III, and IV, as well as hyaluronic acid.(1) These structures ensure the elasticity and firmness of the skin. In clinical studies, palmitoyl tripeptide-38 was shown to visibly reduce wrinkle depth. In formulations, it therefore serves to maintain good skin condition and a more even skin texture. (1-3)